SPP1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: For example, combination of osteopontin and its receptor CD44v6 improves the sensitivity and predictive range for predicting tumor recurrence and survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients [20], combination of hypoxia-induced autophagy- related gene Beclin1 and HIF-1α refine distant metastasis risk and predict poor prognosis of ER- positive, HER2-negative breast cancer [21],and miR-34a silencing in combination with its target genes c-Met and β-catenin predicts distant metastasis of colon cancer [22].