Kinoshita et al. [24] also found a high ratio of forkhead box P3 (FOXP3)/CD4 to be of poor prognosis in relation to a smoking history, but not low levels of CD20+ B cells which were confirmed to be unfavorable to never smokers who had a complete resected NSCLC. This evidence concerns the gene FOXP3 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.