To determine whether FBXO30 specifically regulates NTD candidate genes, the endogenous expression levels of a series of reported NTD target genes were measured by quantitative PCR analysis, including the PCP-related gene, CELSR141, the WNT-related gene, SFRP142, the SHH-related gene, GAS143, the NOTCH-related gene, HES144, and the BMP-related genes, GATA2, ID2, and MSX126,45. Here, SHH is linked to neural tube defect.