SOD1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease, characterized by the selective deterioration of upper and lower motor neurons in the motor cortex, brain stem, and spinal cord, leading to muscle paralysis, respiratory deficiency, and death.1 The majority of ALS cases (over 90%) are sporadic (sALS), and approximately 10% cases are familial (fALS).2 Mutations of the superoxide dismutase‐1 (SOD1) gene account for approximately 20% of fALS.