Activated PKC shows a neuroprotective effect in neurodegenerative diseases.32 Some publications reported that inhibition of PKC isoform ζ could induce apoptosis in neurons and cancer cell lines 33 as PKC ζ, the downstream effector of PI3K, promotes cell proliferation and survival.34 PKC is the upstream target to regulate the activity of GSK3β and ERK.23 GSK3β and ERK play key roles in the regulation of some neuron survival signalling pathways. The gene discussed is GSK3B; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.