TGFB1 and neoplasm: Since TDE exposure can preferentially enhance Treg responses to IL‐2, administering IL‐2 to cancer patients with the goal of promoting CTL responses may promote a Treg response and the immune escape of the tumor rather than a tumor‐limiting CTL response.144 However, TDEs also carry other factors, including TGF‐β or IL‐10, that are reported to regulate Treg and effector T‐cell homeostasis (Figure 2).118, 119 TGFβ‐specific neutralizing Abs are reported to significantly inhibit the ability of TDEs to promote the expansion and function of Tregs.