Indeed, PGC-1α activity is decreased in cells and tissues of DS individuals (Conti et al., 2007; Piccoli et al., 2013; Izzo et al., 2014), as well as in brain tissues from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients (Petrozzi et al., 2007), suggesting that similar molecular pathways are involved in DS and AD neurodegeneration (Coskun and Busciglio, 2012). This evidence concerns the gene PPARGC1A and Alzheimer disease.