Dysregulation of TRAF3 has been shown to promote autoimmunity and predisposition to cancer TRAF3 is an important negative regulator in TNF family receptors like CD40, B cell–activating factor (BAFF) receptor, and lymphotoxinβ receptor and has been shown to be required for Toll-like receptors (TLRs), RIG-I-mediated type I IFN production for antiviral defense and anti-inflammatory mediators i.e., IL-10 (57). The gene discussed is TRAF3; the disease is cancer.