In this study, we for the first time evaluated the effectiveness of phytosomal formulation of curcumin in the treatment of HBV-related HCC and demonstrated that phytosomal curcumin exhibited a remarkable chemopreventive effect on HBV-related HCC, at least in part, through the activation of PPARγ and the inhibition of NF-κB and mTOR activities (Fig. 8). The gene discussed is PPARG; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.