POMC and Anxiety: iAAV-S1PR3 rats displayed passive coping during daily defeat (reduced mean defeat latencies), increased anxiety-like behavior (decreased time interacting with the stimulus rat in the social interaction test), pro-depressive behavior (increased immobility in the Porsolt forced swim test [FST]) and impaired adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) responses to novel restraint challenge (Fig. 2g–j).