By activating caspase-1, the inflammasome induces the maturation and secretion of the pro-inflammatory factors interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18), regulates inflammatory response, resists pathogenic infection and stress injury and regulates caspase-1-dependent programmed cell death, but its over-activation can lead to tissue and organ inflammatory injury (Martinon, et al., 2002; Elliott and Sutterwala, 2015; Jo et al., 2016). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is infection.