C9orf72 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: This up-to-date figure obtained from a meta-analysis on 5071 ALS patients and 3747 controls from 5 populations (UK, USA, Spain, Italy and France) provides definitive evidence for the association between intermediate repeats and ALS (p-value = 2 × 10− 4) and expands the role of C9orf72 in the development of ALS by enlarging the number of cases that can be explained, with direct implications for research and clinical practice.