The relationship between DKK-1 and BMD disclosed inconsistent results in previous reports: DKK-1 had a negative correlation with BMD in diabetes and predialysis CKD patients [28, 38], but in postmenopausal women, HD patients, and people under steroid treatment, this relationship was not observed [21, 25, 39]; moreover, here, we did not find this correlation in our PD patients. The gene discussed is DKK1; the disease is chronic kidney disease.