Based on the results of microarray, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses in Hep3B cells containing an integrated HBV genome in which CHRNA9 was knocked down, we observed that CHRNA9 plays functional roles in the hepatitis B pathway in LIHC, especially in inflammatory-, apoptosis-, and metastasis-related processes (Supplementary Fig. 28 and Supplementary Note 11). Here, CHRNA9 is linked to hepatitis B virus infection.