CD68 is an indicator but not an exclusive marker of Kupffer cells, because also monocyte-derived macrophages infiltrating the liver may express this antigen, and preclinical and clinical studies provide convincing evidence for the pivotal role of macrophages in the development and progression of NAFLD [34] as shown in Figure 5A,B, CD-68 related fluorescence increased in the liver of rats fed with a Western diet (p < 0.05), indicating either an activation of Kupffer cells or an infiltration of the hepatic tissue by monocyte-derived macrophage, or both. The gene discussed is CD68; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.