SLC29A1 and fetal growth restriction: In mammals, it was shown that slc29a1 transports adenosine, which is a potent cellular metabolite that functions in cyclic AMP pathways and also acts directly as a vasoactive mediator, into fetal cells and has implications in fetal endothelial functions such that its dysfunction can lead to human pregnancy-related problems such as gestational diabetes, intrauterine growth restriction, and pre-eclampsia [45–47].