As to the categorical variables of clinical characteristics, lncRNA MALAT1 level was not associated with gender (P = 0.519), smoke (P = 0.289), history of COPD (P = 0.739), history of cardiomyopathy (P = 0.402), history of chronic kidney failure (P = 0.127), or history of cirrhosis (P = 0.261; Table 3). The gene discussed is MALAT1; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.