At 4 weeks, PIK3CB (Fig. 3d) and AKT2 (Fig. 3e) mRNA expression was higher by 47% and 23% respectively in perirenal adipose tissue of male offspring exposed to maternal obesity during pregnancy compared to offspring exposed to a control diet (P < 0.05). Here, AKT2 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.