Much to our surprise, we observed that Tempol, a SOD-mimetic, was as effective as DETC (SOD-inhibitor) and menadione (superoxide generator via redox cycling (Criddle et al., 2006) with regards to its ability to reduce macrophage infection by L. braziliensis, suggesting novel yet unexplained effects of antioxidants over Leishmania infection. Here, SOD1 is linked to infection.