TNF and Cowden disease: Panaccione et al. previously evaluated open-label adalimumab therapy (16) in Canadian patients with moderate to severe CD who were eithernaïve to or previously exposed to anti-TNFα therapy and found that adalimumab therapyinduced and sustained steroid-free remission in both infliximab-experienced andanti-TNFα-naïve patients with moderate to severe CD.