Functionally, these genes participate in metabolic pathways (Apoe, Cs, and Rbp4), insulin signaling (Pik3r1 and Rps6kb1), T2DM (Pik3r1), innate immunity (Casp1), inflammation (Casp1), and apoptosis (Casp1 and Rps6kb1) (Fig. 2B). The gene discussed is PIK3R1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.