VCAM1 and melanoma: In melanoma, IL-1α and IL-1β are both required for NFκB activation that results in the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, as well as the adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and tissue factor (TF) in EC's, driving these cells toward a proinflammatory phenotype that supports tumor angiogenesis (47).