Moreover, injection of recombinant FliC (rFliC) into Nox4ApoE DKO mice fed high-fat diets (HFDs) resulted in significantly decreased atherosclerotic plaque sizes compared with injection into ApoE KO mice, suggesting that Nox4 has proatherogenic activity in rFliC-mediated atherosclerosis. The gene discussed is NOX4; the disease is atherosclerosis.