In 2017, McDonough et al. demonstrated that sequential exposure of wild-type and TLR4−/− microglia to hypoxia/hyperglycemia (H/H) and normoxia/normoglycemia (N/N) resulted in enhanced expression of type-1 interferon-stimulated genes (ISG) in H/H-N/N wild-type microglia and not in TLR4−/− microglia. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is Hyperglycemia.