Characterizing the immune infiltrate could facilitate evaluating the treatment effect of immunotherapy; immune-inflamed tumors, which have a higher density of CD8+ T-cell TILs than immune-desert tumors, can elicit a strong immune response.48,49,50 The IMpassion130 RCT,51 a phase III study that evaluated the predictive effect of ICs on atezolizumab with nab-paclitaxel therapy in patients with triple-negative breast cancer, showed that high intratumoral CD8+ expression was significantly associated with PD-L1 expression and improvements in OS and PFS. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is triple-negative breast carcinoma.