APP and Alzheimer disease: To determine the potential role of ROCK1 in AD, firstly, we assessed ROCK1 activity by kinase assay in both frontal cortex and hippocampus of 8‐month‐old APP/PS1 mice and found that ROCK1 activity was markedly increased in AD mouse brain compared to age‐matched nontransgenic wild‐type (WT) control mice (Figure 1a), and secondly, the alterations successfully replicated in the brain of AD patients and suggested that the level of ROCK1 activity in AD brain was increased (Figure 1a).