IL6 and inflammatory response: NF-κB is an essential participant involved in many inflammatory networks involving chemokines (e.g., IL-8, macophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1α), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1), regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and eotaxin), pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α), adhesion molecules (e.g., intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM), VCAM), and E-selectin), and inducible pro-inflammatory enzymes (COX-2 and iNOS), which regulate cytokine activity in airway inflammation [44].