It contributes to the cardioprotective effect of lethal ischemia-reperfusion injuries [110], and this effect is in part mediated by the activation of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which both play a key role in enhancement of the pro-survival the SAFE (survivor activator factor enhancement) pathway for cardioprotection [99]. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and ischemia reperfusion injury.