TGFB1 and cancer: In fact, these cells are reprogrammed to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) because tumor EVs transport active molecules, such as transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) [33, 36, 68], fibronectin-1 (FN1), and tissue transglutaminase (tTG) [69] and may promote tumor progression and cancer cell invasion.