Secondly, blockade of IL-1R1 with intrathecal administration of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) during the early phase of peripheral neuropathy increased the expression of both astrocyte P450c17 and GFAP in the spinal cord dorsal horn, and this increase was blocked by IL-1β administration. The gene discussed is CYP17A1; the disease is peripheral neuropathy.