In contrast to nc-AID, the c-AID signature is generally not identified by de novo signature extraction algorithms because it is localized and its limited activity is diluted below the threshold of detection by the larger number of genome-wide mutations generated by other processes (see the lack of its detection in all MM and CLL samples in Fig. 1, Supplementary Data 1, and Supplementary Sofware 1 and 2)9,10,52. This evidence concerns the gene AICDA and Miyoshi myopathy.