ATM and breast cancer: On the other hand, GSK-3β, which is a downstream gene in the AKT signaling pathway, can lead to the phosphorylation of the Snail transcription factor, thus regulating EMT and participating in tumorinvasion and metastasis [45–47].Additionally, Mianen and colleagues also demonstrated that ATM was highly activated in breast cancer tissues with advanced lymph node metastasis, and ATM was associated with the positive expression of Snail, which is an EMT-related molecule [48].