DKK1 and cancer: XAV-939 strongly prevented cancer-related protein expression and increased pro-apoptotic and immunostimulating factors by PANC-1 such as amphiregulin (AREG), angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4), BCL2L1 (BCL-x), Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1), ErbB (EGFR), HGF R/c-MET (MET), leptin (LEP), mesothelin (MSLN), Serpin B5, and urokinase (uPA) on PANC-1 cells (Figure 10a, left).