ESR1 and breast carcinoma: Moreover, because triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression, is an aggressive type of cancer that is difficult to treat, breast cancer patients suffer more if TNBC acquires radiotherapy resistance, and the patients do not survive after radiation therapy.