Interestingly, the latter study included a rather large cohort of 155 localized PCa patients, more than 100 healthy controls, none of which tested positive for both PSA and PSMA, and 5-year follow-up data showing that the preoperative detection of both PSA and PSMA mRNAs in blood was an independent prognostic factor of disease recurrence [36]. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and posterior cortical atrophy.