Among individuals with peri-implantitis, those having diabetes show an overproduction of multiple peri-implant fluid pro-inflammatory cytokines; IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXR3 (Venza et al., 2010; Al-Askar et al., 2018), where the severity of dysregulation appears to be worsen with poor diabetes control. Here, IL1B is linked to diabetes mellitus.