As stated, the preclinical data support the use of combined TIM3 and PD-1 blockade, as the phenotype of exhausted T cells in cancer expresses both markers and there appears to be a synergistic effect in immune restoration.18 23 Based on these data, we believe the potential role of TIM3 inhibition is most likely with concomitant PD-1 blockade, as initial treatment or as salvage therapy after anti-PD-1 failure. The gene discussed is HAVCR2; the disease is cancer.