These results are consistent with several recent findings that challenge the simple association between mesenchymal state and the invasiveness of cancer: higher expression of certain mesenchymal genes is associated with better prognosis, or inversely, higher expression of certain epithelial genes is associated with worse survival.8,40,41 For instance, the E-gene GRHL2 (Supplementary Table 2) was shown to correlate with poor survival across all subtypes of breast cancer.42 The gene discussed is GRHL2; the disease is breast carcinoma.