APC and infectious otitis media: We isolated this effective constituent from Ilex rotunda Thunb, which has been used as a Traditional Chinese Medicine to clinically treat abdominal pain and colitis-related diseases over north part of China with the name of “Jiubiying” that literally means “help when needed.” The in vivo CAC preventive experiment showed that pedunculoside suppressed the AOM/DSS-elicited intestinal injury, and prevented tumorigenesis via abolishing the effect of both miR-31-5p and miR-223-3p on Hippo pathway and APC (Figure 8).