Support for the role of CCR5 in monocyte recruitment into atherosclerotic plaques has been obtained using the ApoE knockout mouse model of atherosclerosis, where it was shown that monocyte recruitment into plaques, and plaque progression, was reduced with treatment using the CCR5 antagonist Maraviroc, which is of relevance to PLWH who may be treated with ART regimens containing this drug (101). This evidence concerns the gene APOE and atherosclerosis.