In the brains of transgenic animals harboring the human presenilin 1 (PS1) and a Swedish APP mutant (APPSwe/PS1 mice), as an in vitro AD model, a reduction of miR-298 and miR-328 was found, which was associated to higher β-amyloid precursor protein converting enzyme (BACE1) protein (Boissonneault et al., 2008). The gene discussed is BACE1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.