Cancer cells upregulate HBP flux and UDP-GlcNAc levels through increased glucose and glutamine uptake as well as in response to oncogenic-associated signals such as Ras [17], mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) [18, 19], and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β) [20]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cancer.