CD274 and neoplasm: Efforts to identify patients most likely to benefit from anti-PD-L1/PD-1 therapy suggest that expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells (TC) and/or tumor-infiltrating immune cells (IC) may correlate with efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapy in UBC [7, 8, 10, 11], as may other potential biomarkers such as tumor mutational burden [12].