The three peptides were derived from the human proteins: HIV Tat-specific factor 1 (HTATSF1), a cofactor required for the Tat protein activation of human immunodeficiency virus transcription; otoferlin (OTOF), a calcium ion sensor involved in vesicle-plasma membrane fusion and neurotransmitter release, associated with hearing loss; and ninein (NIN), a component of the core centrosome and a dynein activator protein. Here, HTATSF1 is linked to hearing loss disorder.