We further validated these findings using phenotypically normal intact colon mucosa surgical specimens from FAP (N=3) patients carrying APC c.388delA, APC c.1240delC and APC c.2586insCA truncating mutations, and individuals with no history of CRC (N=3) who were matched for location (sigmoid colon) age, gender and ethnicity, collected during screening colonoscopy. This evidence concerns the gene APC and colorectal carcinoma.