As a biomarker, GDF-15 has widely been studied in cardiovascular diseases (9) where it is considered as an independent marker of poor prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease (10–12), acute myocardial infarction (13–16), atrial fibrillation (17), and heart failure with preserved or reduced ejection fraction (18, 19). Here, GDF15 is linked to atrial fibrillation.