Duan et al. (2013) showed that intestinal mitochondria had various degrees of swelling with significant increased expression of AQP4 in TBI. It was also demonstrated that mitochondria-mediated apoptosis was minimized with a prominent decrease in the content of AQP4 following TBI (Lv et al., 2013). Besides, Rama indicated that AQP4 protein increased while glutamine failed to transport into the mitochondria in experimental acute liver failure. Meanwhile, edema was facilitated by the mitochondria (Rama Rao et al., 2010). Here, AQP4 is linked to acute liver failure.