Expression of mRNA for COX2, P16/INK4A, and KI67 (encoded by PTGS2, CDKN2A, MKI67, respectively) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ, encoded by ESR2) were analyzed because prior studies suggested these as biomarkers of AH at greater risk of progression to breast cancer. The gene discussed is MKI67; the disease is breast carcinoma.