HCC cells are subjected to a hypoxic tumor milieu, where the main source of energy is represented by glycolysis induced by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1; the effect is further amplified in the case of transcatheter arterial embolization-pretreated HCC, where the energy necessary for cancer cell growth is obtained through HIF-1 mediated glycolysis [65]. This evidence concerns the gene HIF1A and hepatocellular carcinoma.