These limitations have likely biased the study toward a cohort of patients with high-risk disease and poorer outcomes. However, even within this group of patients, PD-L1 expression appears to be an important prognostic marker post-ASCT. Further studies are needed to confirm our initial observations, study if this observation is limited to post-ASCT patients or is generalizable to all MM patients, and evaluate if a checkpoint blockade may have a role in improving patient outcomes in the post-ASCT setting, particularly for those patients with positive PD-L1 expression. Here, CD274 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.